Simulasi Pengaruh Kandungan CO2 dalam Gas Umpan terhadap Reforming dan Shift Converter Sistem Pabrik Amoniak

Perubahan produksi dan pangsa pasar gas alam domestik maupun global mempengaruhi suplai terhadap pabrik pupuk-amoniak baik dari sisi jumlah, komposisi maupun harga. Kondisi ini memungkinkan pabrik amoniak menerima jenis gas alam berat kaya dengan CO2 (raw gas) maupun gas alam  ringan minim CO2 (treated gas). Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan analisa pengaruh perubahan  komposisi gas alam terutama kandungan CO2 dengan variasi 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 dan 50% vol terhadap operasional reforming dan shift converter sistem pabrik amoniak-2 PT. PI Mexisting dengan metodelogi simulasi mengggunakan Aspen HYSYS V8.0. Untuk memproduksi amoniak dengan jumlah yang sama, hasil studi menunjukkan penambahan CO2 dalam gas umpan akan meningkatkan pressure drop sistem, laju pembentukan komponen hidrogen turun sementara konsumsi energi bertambah di reforming, beban katalis shift converter dan beban feed gas compressor meningkat. Kandungan CO2 sebesar 7% vol masih mungkin diaplikasikan, mengingat ada batasan beban peralatan

Impact of polarization diversity in massive MIMO for industry 4.0

The massive polarimetric radio channel is evaluated in an indoor industrial scenario at 3.5 GHz using a 10×10 uniform rectangular array (URA). The analysis is based on (1) propagation characteristics like the average received gain and the power to interference ratio from the Gram matrix and (2) system-oriented metrics such as sum-rate capacity with maximum-ratio transmitter (MRT). The results clearly show the impact of polarization diversity in an industrial scenario and how it can considerably improve different aspects of the system design. Results for sum-rate capacity are promising and show that the extra degree of freedom, provided by polarization diversity, can optimize the performance of a very simple precoder, the MRT

ANALISIS KESEPIAN MAHASISWA PENGGUNA MEDIA SOSIAL UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING BIDANG SOSIAL

Penelitian dilatarbelakangi oleh semakin banyaknya orang yang kesepian sejalan dengan terus meningkatnya pengguna media sosial, meskipun mereka yang dapat menjadikan media sosial untuk memperbanyak interaksi sosial. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesepian mahasiswa pengguna media sosial. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain survey cross-sectional. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 133 mahasiswa Prodi Bimbingan dan Konseling FIP UPI angkatan 2019, 2020, 2021, dan 2022. Instrumen kesepian mahasiswa pengguna media sosial dikembangkan dengan dua bagian, yaitu “kesepian mahasiswa” dan “pola penggunaan media sosial mahasiswa yang kesepian”. Hasil temuan penelitian, yaitu: 1) Mayoritas mahasiswa menunjukkan kesepian pada kategori sangat kesepian (94%); 2) Mahasiswa lebih kesepian secara emosional (M=91) daripada sosial (M=87); 3) berdasarkan karakteristik sosio-demografi, mahasiswa perempuan lebih kesepian daripada mahasiswa laki-laki, mahasiswa yang berusia 18 dan 23 tahun lebih kesepian daripada usia lain, dan angkatan 2022 yang paling kesepian diantara angkatan lain; dan 4) mahasiswa sering bahkan selalu menggunakan media sosial untuk mengurangi kesepian dengan penggunaan 3-6 jam per hari dan media sosial yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Instagram, WhatsApp, dan YouTube. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa menunjukkan kesepian pada kategori “Sangat Kesepian” dan menggunakan media sosial untuk menguranginya, meskipun penggunaan media sosial tidak efektif dalam mengurangi perasaan kesepian. Penelitian pada sampel yang lebih besar secara longitudinal dan menyertakan faktor serta dampak kesepian perlu dilakukan

Menata Kontestasi Simbol-Simbol Keagamaan di Ruang Publik Kota Jayapura

The freedom to use Christian religious symbols in Jayapura City creates social unrest and jealousy for other people. This article aims to analyze the religious symbols used by Christians, intense contestation of religious symbols by Christians in Jayapura City, and ideas about its arrangement. This qualitative research uses the paradigm of social phenomenology. This study found that Muslims in Jayapura City is the second largest after Protestant Christianity, but religious development is ranked third after Protestant Christianity and Catholicism. Islam is considered the religion of migrants. The rise of Christian religious symbols in Jayapura City as holy people who have majority control and have freedom of expression in religious symbols is carried out by religious groups in other areas and applied in Jayapura City. The role of central government policy is needed to emerge various ideas in the community in the region. Regional regulations provide freedom for the use of religious symbols. The religious majority who control the government sector has control over the use of religious symbols rather than minority groups by making rules that bind religious communities and raise the exclusivity of the majority group. The local parliament members (DPRD)'s inability to realize the aspirations of the Muslim community of Jayapura City is due to the lack of Muslim members of the local parliament (DPRD). Hence, they have limited numbers in supervising emerging policies, including the use of religious symbols

Experimental investigation of V2I radio channel in an arched tunnel

This paper describes the results of the experimental radio channel sounding campaign performed in an arched road tunnel in Le Havre, France. The co-polar and cross-polar channels measurements are carried out in the closed side lane, while the lane along the center of the tunnel is open to traffic. We investigate the channel characteristics in terms of: path loss, fading distribution, polarization power ratios and delay spread. All these parameters are essential for the deployment of vehicular communication systems inside tunnels. Our results indicate that, while the H-polar channel gain attenuates slower than the V-polar channel due to the geometry of the tunnel, the mean delay spread of the H-polar channel is larger than that of the V-polar channel

Channel correlation-based approach for feedback overhead reduction in massive MIMO

For frequency-division duplex multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the channel state information at the transmitter is usually obtained by sending pilots or reference signals from all elements of the antenna array. The channel is then estimated by the receiver and communicated back to the transmitter. However, for massive MIMO, this periodical estimation of the full transfer matrix can lead to prohibitive overhead. To reduce the amount of data, we propose to estimate the updated channel matrix from the knowledge of the full correlation matrix at the transmitter made during some initialization time and the instantaneous measured channel matrix of smaller size, characterizing the link between the user and a limited number of reference array elements. The proposed algorithm is validated with measured massive MIMO channel transfer functions at 3.5GHz between a $9 \times 9$ uniform rectangular array and different user positions. Since measurements were made in static conditions, the criteria chosen for evaluating the performance of the algorithm are based on a comparison of the predicted channel capacity calculated from either the measured or estimated channel matrix

Som Tradition for Interreligious Harmony and Natural Preservation

The article particularly portrays and studies the Matbat tribe. The Matbat tribe inhabitants establish a system to unite the Matbat people to create stability and peace in overcoming external situations. The intriguing part of the Matbat tribe is that they, starting from an individual level, keep preserving their communal tradition to sustain peace among them and defend their territory. The customary structure of the Matbat people in West Misool was created based on mutual agreement with the roles, duties and functions that are obtained to maintain balance and harmony aimed at kinship values. There are various symbols in the implementation of the Som, which act as a vehicle of conception that has a meaning as mediation that is actualization in daily life. Som's tradition is a unifying tool for the Matbat indigenous people. The procedures for implementing the tradition are determined by customs arranged in the Matbat customary structure. The Som tradition is an annual event held by the villagers and has the power of customary law that regulates the two villages. The Som tradition is carried out from generation to generation. It develops into values firmly held by the indigenous peoples, not only as their perspective on natural resource management policy. It also as the respect of the Younger Brother (Magey village, which is Protestant Christian) to the Elder Brother (Gamta village, which is Muslim), and as a collective awareness composed in creating a moral balance for indigenous peoples to maintain harmony

Persepsi Mahasiswa Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling terhadap Kompetensi Konselor di Lingkungan Pendidikan Inklusif

Inclusive education is a way to support the diversity of students. Therefore, guidance and counselling teachers must have competence related to diversity issues. The purpose of this study was to determine student perceptions of the competence of counselors in an inclusive education environment. This research was conducted on 130 students of the Guidance and Counselling Study Program using a quantitative approach with a descriptive method with a questionnaire containing 30 questions via Google form. The results show: (1) Students' perceptions of the counsellor's professional competence were categorized as positive with an average score of 73%; (2) Students' perceptions of the counsellor's pedagogic competence were categorized as positive with an average score of 74%; (3) Students' perceptions of the counsellor's personality competence were categorized as positive with an average score of 74%; (4) Students' perceptions of the counsellor's social competence were categorized as positive with an average score of 72%; and (5) Overall, students' perceptions of counsellor competence were categorized as positive with an average score of 73%. This research was conducted only on Guidance and Counselling Study Program students through online questionnaires; therefore, the number of respondents and online collection could be taken into consideration when interpreting the data displayed.Pendidikan inklusif menjadi jalan untuk menghimpun keberagaman peserta didik. Namun, keberagaman menjadi tantangan bagi guru bimbingan dan konseling. Maka dari itu, guru bimbingan dan konseling harus memiliki kompetensi terkait isu-isu keberagaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa calon guru bimbingan dan konseling terhadap kompetensi konselor di lingkungan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 130 mahasiswa Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif melalui kuesioner berisi 30 soal pada Google form. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi profesional konselor dikategorikan positif dengan persentase rata-rata skor 73%; (2) Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi pedagogik konselor dikategorikan positif dengan persentase rata-rata skor 74%; (3) Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi kepribadian konselor dikategorikan positif dengan persentase rata-rata skor 74%; (4) Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi sosial konselor dikategorikan positif dengan persentase rata-rata skor 72%; dan (5) Secara keseluruhan, persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kompetensi konselor dikategorikan positif dengan persentase rata-rata skor 73%. Penelitian ini dilakukan hanya pada mahasiswa Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling melalui kuesioner secara daring oleh sebab itu jumlah responden dan pengumpulan secara daring dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan sewaktu menginterpretasi data yang ditampilkan

Directive mmWave radio channel modeling in a ship hull

Wireless connectivity has been realized for multiple environments and different frequency bands. However, little research exists about mmWave communication in industrial environments. This paper presents the 60 GHz double-directional radio channel for mmWave communication in a ship hull for Line-of-Sight (LOS) and non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions. We performed channel measurements using the Terragraph channel sounder at different locations in the ship hull and fitted LOS path loss to a one-slope path loss model. Path loss and root-mean-square delay spread of the LOS path is compared to the reflected path with lowest path loss. NLOS communication via this first-order reflected path is modeled by calculating the path distance and determining the reflection loss. The reflection losses have a considerable contribution to the signal attenuation of the reflected path. The channel models are implemented in an indoor coverage prediction tool, which was extended with a ray launching algorithm and validated by comparison with an analytical electromagnetic solver. The results show that the mmWave radio channel allows high-throughput communication within a ship hull compartment, even when no LOS path between the transmitter and receiver is present.This work was executed within the Internet-of-Shipping (IoS) research project, co-financed by imec with support from Flanders Innovation & Entrepreneurship. The channel sounder has been granted as part of the Channel Sounder Program of the Telecom Infra Project (TIP). The authors would like to thank Ivan Renette and Franck Ntibashirakandi from Exmar Shipmanagement to facilitate the measurement campaign.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

60 GHz path loss modelling inside ships

This paper presents the results of a mmWave channel sounding campaign in a bulk carrier vessel. Using the Terragraph channel sounder, we measured path loss at 60.48 GHz for different separations between the transmit and receiving nodes in the engine room and steering control room of the vessel. The path loss at reference distance 1.5 m is 74.6 dB, which is higher than the free space path loss, whereas the path loss exponent of 1.7 is lower than in free space. The one-slope path loss model is used to estimate throughput via link budget calculations, which shows that 60 GHz propagation realizes high data rate communication in the engine room of a vessel if the Line-of-Sight path is not obstructed. Due to the highly metallic nature of the propagation environment, reflections make communication possible in an obstructed Line-of-Sight configuration, but there is no clear distance relationship